Commercial Mortgage Statistics

1. Bank CRE concentration

Commercial real estate concentration is the single most watched number in bank CRE supervision. Under the 2006 Interagency Guidance, a bank whose CRE loans exceed 300% of its total risk-based capital is expected to demonstrate heightened risk management. It is a screening threshold that draws supervisory attention, not a legal limit and not a judgment about any individual bank's condition.

Two precision notes, because both are easy to state wrongly. First, the guidance's second criterion pairs the 300% ratio with a CRE growth test of 50% or more over 36 months. The counts below apply the ratio threshold only, so read them as a screen — not as a count of banks meeting the full supervisory criterion. Second, a bank being above the threshold says nothing about its charter: we group banks by size and scope, and those labels are not charter types.

The ratio has a precise definition that is easy to get wrong: it counts construction and land development, multifamily, and non-owner-occupied non-farm non-residential loans, and it excludes owner-occupied commercial mortgages — the loans where the borrower operates a business out of the building. Including owner-occupied loans, as some calculations do, inflates the ratio substantially. Every figure below uses the regulatory definition, computed from each bank's own filing.

1. 1.393 US banks — 9.2% of the 4,252 that filed a Call Report in Q1 2026 — hold commercial real estate loans above the 300% supervisory screening threshold.

   Source: FFIEC Call Reports (Schedule RC-C), compiled by RefiLoop, Q1 2026 (filed March 31, 2026).cite this stat

2. 2.87 US banks carry CRE concentration above 400% of total risk-based capital, and 19 exceed 500%.

   Source: FFIEC Call Reports (Schedule RC-C), compiled by RefiLoop, Q1 2026 (filed March 31, 2026).cite this stat

3. 3.The average CRE concentration ratio across all 4,242 reporting banks is 147% of risk-based capital, with a median of 132% — meaning the typical US bank sits at less than half the supervisory screening threshold.

   Source: FFIEC Call Reports (Schedule RC-C), compiled by RefiLoop, Q1 2026 (filed March 31, 2026).cite this stat

4. 4.1,723 banks — 41% of all filers — hold CRE loans equal to less than 100% of their risk-based capital, the largest single group.

   Source: FFIEC Call Reports (Schedule RC-C), compiled by RefiLoop, Q1 2026 (filed March 31, 2026).cite this stat

5. 5.The number of banks above the 300% threshold has fallen from 400 to 393 over the eight quarters from Q2 24 to Q1 26, and the number above 400% has fallen from 101 to 87 — a 14% decline in the count of the most concentrated group. This is a count of banks, not a measure of exposure: aggregate CRE balances across reporting banks grew over the same period, so the concentrated tail is thinning while total CRE lending is not.

   Source: FFIEC Call Reports (Schedule RC-C), compiled by RefiLoop, Q2 24–Q1 26.cite this stat

6. 6.1,621 banks — 39% of all filers — reduced their commercial real estate balances quarter over quarter in Q1 2026, while the median bank grew its CRE book 1.1%.

   Source: FFIEC Call Reports (Schedule RC-C), compiled by RefiLoop, Q1 2026 (filed March 31, 2026).cite this stat

7. 7.Banks above the 300% threshold are geographically clustered: five states account for 142 of the 393 — 36% — while the remainder is spread across the rest of the country.

   Source: FFIEC Call Reports (Schedule RC-C), compiled by RefiLoop, Q1 2026 (filed March 31, 2026).cite this stat

8. 8.The most CRE-concentrated bank in the country is River City Bank of Sacramento, CA, at 651% of risk-based capital — roughly 4.4 times the national average.

   Source: FFIEC Call Reports (Schedule RC-C), compiled by RefiLoop, Q1 2026 (filed March 31, 2026).cite this stat

3. Size and composition of the CRE loan book

Aggregating every filed Call Report gives the total commercial real estate exposure sitting on US bank balance sheets, and — more usefully — how that exposure splits between property categories. The owner-occupied versus investor split matters because the two behave very differently in a downturn: an owner-occupied loan is underwritten against an operating business, an investor loan against a rent roll.

1. 9.US banks held $3.03 trillion in commercial real estate loans in Q1 2026, across 4,252 reporting institutions.

   Source: FFIEC Call Reports (Schedule RC-C), compiled by RefiLoop, Q1 2026 (filed March 31, 2026).cite this stat

2. 10.Commercial real estate accounts for 11.6% of total US bank assets, which stood at $26.2 trillion in Q1 2026.

   Source: FFIEC Call Reports (Schedule RC-C), compiled by RefiLoop, Q1 2026 (filed March 31, 2026).cite this stat

3. 11.Investor-owned commercial property loans make up 63% of banks' non-farm non-residential mortgage book ($1.21 trillion), with owner-occupied loans making up the remaining 37% ($700 billion).

   Source: FFIEC Call Reports (Schedule RC-C), compiled by RefiLoop, Q1 2026 (filed March 31, 2026).cite this stat

4. 12.Multifamily lending accounts for $660 billion of bank CRE exposure, and construction and land development for $455 billion.

   Source: FFIEC Call Reports (Schedule RC-C), compiled by RefiLoop, Q1 2026 (filed March 31, 2026).cite this stat

5. 13.Concentrated CRE lending is almost entirely a small-bank phenomenon: of the 393 banks above the 300% threshold, 376 are community banks and 17 are regional banks by our size classification. None of the largest nationwide banks appear. ("Community", "regional" and "national" here describe size and footprint, not charter type — many banks above the threshold are OCC-chartered national associations.)

   Source: FFIEC Call Reports (Schedule RC-C), compiled by RefiLoop, Q1 2026 (filed March 31, 2026).cite this stat

4. Credit quality and delinquency

Call Reports separate loans that are merely late from loans the bank has stopped accruing interest on. Nonaccrual is the more meaningful signal: it is the bank's own judgment that full repayment is in doubt. The figures below are aggregate CRE nonaccrual and past-due balances as a share of the total CRE book.

1. 14.1.14% of US bank commercial real estate loans were on nonaccrual status in Q1 2026 — the bank's own assessment that full repayment is in doubt.

   Source: FFIEC Call Reports (Schedule RC-C), compiled by RefiLoop, Q1 2026 (filed March 31, 2026).cite this stat

2. 15.A further 0.38% of bank CRE loans were 30–89 days past due and 0.05% were 90 or more days past due but still accruing in Q1 2026.

   Source: FFIEC Call Reports (Schedule RC-C), compiled by RefiLoop, Q1 2026 (filed March 31, 2026).cite this stat

3. 16.Taken together, roughly 1.6% of the $3.03 trillion bank CRE book was nonaccrual or past due in Q1 2026, meaning about 98.4% was performing and current.

   Source: FFIEC Call Reports (Schedule RC-C), compiled by RefiLoop, Q1 2026 (filed March 31, 2026).cite this stat

5. Observed rates and loan terms

Published “commercial mortgage rates” are usually indicative quotes. The figures below are different: they are rates on loans that actually closed. SBA 7(a) approvals carry the contract rate on each individual loan, and bank Call Reports let us compute the realised yield on each bank's real estate loan book.

Those two series currently move in opposite directions, and the divergence is the most interesting thing on this page. New small-business loans are being written at steadily lower rates, while the average yield banks earn on their existing real estate book has risen — older, cheaper loans are still repricing upward as they mature and reset. A borrower coming off a loan written five years ago is refinancing into a lower rate than a year ago, but still a higher one than they are leaving.

1. 17.The median observed rate on SBA 7(a) loans approved in 2026 Q1 was 9.50%, across 1,286 approvals.

   Source: SBA 7(a) loan approvals, compiled by RefiLoop, 2026 Q1.cite this stat

2. 18.Median SBA 7(a) rates have fallen 175 basis points over seven quarters, from 11.25% in 2024 Q3 to 9.50% in 2026 Q1.

   Source: SBA 7(a) loan approvals, compiled by RefiLoop, 2024 Q3–2026 Q1.cite this stat

3. 19.Fixed-rate SBA 7(a) loans carry a median rate of 7.75% against 10.25% for variable-rate loans — a 250 basis point gap, though fixed-rate loans are the minority at 734 of 9,242 approvals.

   Source: SBA 7(a) loan approvals, compiled by RefiLoop, 2024-07 to 2026-03.cite this stat

4. 20.The median SBA 7(a) loan approval is $293,300, with a median term of 10 years.

   Source: SBA 7(a) loan approvals, compiled by RefiLoop, 2024-07 to 2026-03.cite this stat

5. 21.The median US bank earned a 6.20% yield on its real estate loan portfolio in Q1 26, up from 5.88% in Q2 24 — the existing book is still repricing upward even as new loan rates fall.

   Source: FFIEC Call Reports (Schedule RC-C), compiled by RefiLoop, Q2 24–Q1 26.cite this stat

6. 22.Median bank real estate portfolio yield peaked at 6.33% in Q4 25 and has since eased to 6.20%.

   Source: FFIEC Call Reports (Schedule RC-C), compiled by RefiLoop, Q2 24–Q1 26.cite this stat

6. Who is writing commercial mortgages now

Call Reports tell you what a bank holds. They do not tell you who is writing loans this month. For that we index county deed records directly — every commercial mortgage instrument recorded in the counties we cover, with the lender name as it appears on the recorded document. We publish this as the RefiLoop CRE Lending Activity Index, updated monthly with a permanent archive so older citations keep resolving.

Two limits are worth stating before the numbers rather than after them. First, this is a count of recordings, not dollar volume — fewer than 20 of the instruments we index state a loan amount in the recording index, so we publish no dollar figures from county data at all. Second, these are new originations, not maturities. County records show loans being written; they say nothing about loans coming due.

1. 23.3,981 commercial mortgage instruments were recorded across the 60 counties we index in July 2026.

   Source: County recording indexes, compiled by RefiLoop, July 2026.cite this stat

2. 24.Across June 2026 and July 2026, we indexed 5,981 commercial mortgage recordings in 60 counties across 5 states.

   Source: County recording indexes, compiled by RefiLoop, June 2026–July 2026.cite this stat

3. 25.The most active commercial mortgage lender by recording count in July 2026 was KIAVI FUNDING INC, with 76 recorded commercial mortgage instruments across 16 counties.

   Source: County recording indexes, compiled by RefiLoop, July 2026.cite this stat

4. 26.Commercial mortgage origination is strikingly fragmented: the busiest lender in our July 2026 index accounted for only 1.9% of recorded commercial mortgages, and the top 20 lenders together accounted for 15%.

   Source: County recording indexes, compiled by RefiLoop, July 2026.cite this stat

5. 27.Non-bank and private lenders appear consistently among the most active commercial mortgage originators by recording count, alongside regional and community banks — a mix invisible in bank regulatory data, which by construction only covers banks.

   Source: County recording indexes, compiled by RefiLoop, July 2026.cite this stat

7. Methodology and limits

8. Download the data

Both published tables are available as CSV, free to use with attribution. If you are writing about this and need a cut we do not publish, ask — we would rather you had the right numbers.

Monthly archive: June 2026 · July 2026. Each archived edition keeps its numbers frozen at that month so older citations continue to resolve.